European Union

In most countries there is talk of a fourth, in Portugal of a fifth, and in Spain even of a sixth wave of Covid. Across Europe calls for measures to be tightened once more are being heard. The press is at odds as to whether curfews, business closures and other harsh restrictions are necessary or sensible.

Ukraine has the lowest vaccination rate in Europe: only 21 percent of the population is fully vaccinated against Covid-19. Now an idea proposed by President Volodymyr Zelensky is under discussion whereby those willling to be vaccinated would receive a digital voucher worth the equivalent of 33 euros that can be redeemed at sport studios, cinemas and travel agents. The vouchers are also meant to strengthen the economy.

Russia has admitted to testing an anti-satellite missile by shooting down one of its own disused satellites. The resulting cloud of at least 1,500 pieces of debris forced the crew of the ISS space station to seek shelter in their spacecraft. Nasa and the Esa have criticised Russia for creating additional space debris, but commentators focus on the message behind the move.

In Romania, a new coalition government is forming consisting of the national-liberal PNL party of caretaker prime minister Florin Cîțu and the social-democratic PSD, whose no-confidence motion toppled Cîțu in October. The Hungarian party UDMR is to be a third partner in the coalition. The office of prime minister is to rotate between the parties. Can this alliance between long-standing enemies work?

Winter is coming and we will soon hear more alarming stories about smog. Air pollution continues to have a significant impact on the health of European citizens, particularly in urban areas.