Union européenne

Mercredi 15 février, les eurodéputés ont approuvé la ratification du traité UE-Canada, dit CETA à une courte majorité de 408 voix contre 254. Marie Arena, eurodéputée socialiste belge, répond aux questions de Touteleurope.eu et nous explique les raisons de son opposition à l’accord ainsi que les prochaines étapes législatives.

Le Pen / Parlement
Droit institutionnel
Le Président du Tribunal de l’UE ne suspend pas l’exécution des décisions du Parlement européen visant à recouvrer auprès de MM. Jean-Marie Le Pen et Bruno Gollnisch et de Mme Mylène Troszczynski les sommes versées à titre de rémunération pour des assistants parlementaires locaux

Les lecteurs de EU-Logos ont pu suivre régulièrement cette aventure extraordinaire de l’équipe des réfugiés, avant comme après la clôture des Jeux. Elle vient de recevoir une récompense supplémentaire : rassemblant à Rio dix athlètes sélectionnés à-travers le monde, ses membres ont été désignés lundi 13 février pour recevoir le trophée de l’Académie Laureus. Ils ont ainsi pu être distingués ce mardi 14 février à Monaco, à l’occasion de la soirée des « Laureus Awards », par le trophée de l’Inspiration Sportive de l’Année. L’annonce en a été faite lundi, à l’occasion d’une conférence de presse en Principauté, par la Marocaine Nawal El Moutawakel, membre du CIO et de l’Académie Laureus. La chef de mission de l’équipe des réfugiés aux Jeux de Rio 2016, la Kényane Tegla Loroupe, a déclaré : « Ce trophée est pour les 65,4 millions de personnes dans le monde qui ne peuvent pas rentrer chez elles à cause des conflits. »

Pour en savoir plus : principales sources d’informations :

Sélection d‘articles :

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Classé dans:BREVES, MIGRATIONS ET ASILE Tagged: JO Rio 2016, Réfugiés

Congregación de Escuelas Pías Provincia Betania
Aide d'État
Selon l’avocat général Kokott, les exonérations fiscales dont bénéficient les écoles relevant d’une autorité ecclésiastique n’enfreignent pas, en général, le principe de l’interdiction des aides d’État

Schmitt
Rapprochement des législations
La Cour de justice prononce son arrêt dans l’affaire sur les implants mammaires à base de silicone industrielle de qualité inférieure

Purpose: How local authorities can play a crucial role in combatting radicalization and how the national level and the EU can support these initiatives ?

Belgium is an important area concerning people leaving for fighting for the Caliphate, and potentially concerning returns of radicalized adults and children. Mechelen is a multicultural city, including around 20% of Muslims, mainly from Morocco. As Mayor of this town, Bart Somers searches for how to prevent radicalization and departures of a part of the Muslim population, but also of the other inhabitants of Mechelen: despite the analysis explaining that a large part of departures for Middle-East concern Muslims, radicalization affects people independently of their religion and origins. The Mayor explained that the size of a city and its suburbs does not directly affect the process of radicalization. In fact, taking the example of Mechelen, which is a small town just as Vilvoorde, it is possible to notice that the first has less islamic fighters than the second. This is related to the approach taken to fight against radicalization from the bottom. In fact, according to him, the most relevant way to avoid this process is prevention at a local level.

Bart Somers explained that the radicalization process in the EU is influenced by another model spread by criminals and drug dealers in rough neighborhoods, which is opposed to the occidental society founded on school, meritocracy (in theory indeed). This opposition is a fertile ground instrumentalized by Daesh: Bart Somers explained in his intervention how as a Mayor he is handling this issue through social policies.

M. Somers has insisted on two notions, which are according to him inherent basis of the Occidental society and therefore opposite of Daesh discourses: « Freedom and diversity are two sides of the same coin ».

Diversity in identity:

Diversity is a notion that M. Somers put in the focus of his speech, and insisted on the phenomena of ghettoization. The main policy to promote rough neighborhoods and support their development is investing in good quality infrastructures and equipping, which make streets comfortable and clean: it is according to M. Somers the best way to encourage respect for politicians and their actions, and stimulate diversity through different social classes’ moves. This mix will endorse a virtuous and inclusive circle, because new inhabitants will choose their neighbourhood, in this way they will take care of it and create a positive neighbourhood social life. Hence, M. Somers insisted on the notion of social-mix in schools, which required the creation of a sort of deal with the parents to support this very important criteria. As a practical example, M. Somers develops sports’ initiatives taken through schools and individual decisions. This process needs time and unbroken efforts. Then, M. Somers puts in light a part of Daesh’s strategy, which is a deep division across the society, between who is in the truth and who is wrong according of their own interpretation. Daesh plays with this issue and create a unique identity: us – the true Muslims and the other who do not believe the same way than them. Starting from this process, plurality of identity is denied, each person is white or black, good or bad: Daesh created a deeply simple manichean (je croix que c’est avec M) ideology, just as totalitarian regimes such as communism or Nazis have already done during the last century. They are destroying traversal identities, which create links between individuals through an instrumentality of religion, Islam in this case. According to M. Somers, Daesh’s ideology has nothing common with Islam as a religion, they use Islamic dogmas to serve their intents to manipulate isolated or/and looking for a membership persons.

According to the mayor, Daesh’s approach is not founded on a religious issue, but on an elaborated political process. The practical example is related to the fact that not all Muslims have embraced the doctrine imposed by the Caliphate. The war carried on by the ISIL does not aim to destroy a particular religion: they fight against democracy, open societies, humanity in general. This is politics, not religion. Moreover, as each totalitarian ideology, the others, people who have not the same opinion, are not see as humans anymore and using violence is in this case legitimate.

Liberty: a vector of adaptation and cultural wealth:

Thus, Daesh is acting like a totalitarian regime and denies liberties and identities they do not allow. Therefore, terrorist attacks have the purpose to serve this totalitarian ideology and create breakups across populations, especially regarding islam as a peaceful religion. This fear of the other drives to a legitimation of violence, which concerns both camps.

The link between ideology and propaganda in this case is very narrow. The propagandistic approach adopted by ISIS touches all society’s levels: poor people, middle classes and even higheducated people. The target of Daesh is the individual with strong integration problems: the unsuited. Through its propaganda, ISIL hits victims of the Western society, and make them believe that embracing their doctrine will give them an opportunity to become heroes. Their propaganda involves specially a lack of responsibility: the cause of all failures is the other (in this case the Western society).

M. Somers brings forward this process from fear of change and differences. in this way, as a deeply true liberal, he claimed that « Liberalism is not a way of life, it is tolerating other ways of life » and make a parallel with women emancipation and homosexuals supporting movements’: society needs to adapt and change, but it should not decide the liberty of others – with a limit, which does not hurt ours. Decided veiled women are not free and deserve to be freed is also a totalitarian reasoning, and it means that we do not believe any more in values of our Western society. Change and acceptation of change is a deep opposition of Daesh ideology: according to them, nothing have to change since the Prophet walked on the Earth, and each proof of evolution is a treason. That’s why the respect of freedom and differences is a basis of deradicalization and fighting Daesh.

Countering radicalization: several levels of actions:

Deradicalization is a hard process, requiring important costs and long time with unguaranteed results. Despite these difficulties, acting at the local level to prevent or stop the process is according to M. Somers one of the key of the issue: knowing personally involved individuals increase the strength of the intervention. Trust is at first indeed a large part of the success, and secondly, to help a radicalized person, you need to understand how this phenomenon gained ground to see the cause and being able to treat her and not only the symptoms.

Moreover, local level is the more relevant, because the main variable used by Daesh is the isolation of people: they create a feeling of inclusion, of belonging of a group. He compared this strategy to a sect process, which works like « a drug ». That’s why deradicalization is so complicated and unpredictable: an isolated person, which is suddenly assimilated to a hero, will not return to an everyday life that she does not accept any more.

Deradicalization has to be a part of social policies regarding these elements safety policies should not be the first answer to fight and prevent this process. The first policy is to be careful of neighborhoods’ environment, including the respect of local investments and infrastructures build by the local power. The second one is to ensure of avoiding ghettoization of neighborhoods and schools. Meanwhile, the national and the European levels should put this issue on their respective agenda.

The national government needs to create a real citizenship: M. Somers argued national politicians are only focused on the Right-Left line and safety issues. However, putting more cameras and policeman in the streets are symptoms’ answers and they will not enable an effective prevention or fighting off radicalization. The social context is in this way the key and should be more taken on board: our society needs to adapt to these new inputs to better include all the populations and make them feel as true and whole citizens, whom belong to a plural community.

Regarding the European level, M. Somers repeated that security is not the only issue which should be treated through national and EU-levels, he insisted on the key-role the EU could have in sharing data between its intelligence services, creating a global European organisation in charge of deradicalization policies across the member states which could take their inspiration from more effective implemented policies. The strength of the EU is its gather potential, and its faculties to fight against polarization of the society. So, according to M. Somers, the EU has to act on three levels higher. The first is based on the concept of security, not as an isolation process, but as a top-down practice, in order to create a program able to reach and touch the civil society. After creating a security program, the cooperation between states on several levels has to be improved, specially intelligence, information sharing, collaboration, police and judicial cooperation. Finally, after establishing a common security program and cooperation among the 28 countries, good practices can be developed. Thanks to the latter, civil society will be able to become a key actor for countering radicalization process, trying to put in contact the rules coming from the top and the needs coming from the bottom.

Moreover, the EU, but also other Western countries, should more considerate the spread of the wahhabite ideology, because this kind of propaganda is considerable: M. Somers indicated that 95% of the Muslim literature online is wahhabite. According to him, the interpretation of sacred texts has a considerable importance. As full of metaphorical and allegorical contents, whatever sacred text must be read and interpreted in a theoretically level by people able to understand the contents. In the case of the Qur’an, if each verse is read in a literal way in order to apply it in a different society from that of the Prophet Muhammad, the risk is to interpret and applied in an incorrectly way the content: this is also the case of jihadists and foreign fighters.

Until now, financial interests have braked initiatives and efforts in this way, although wahhabite vision plays a main role in radicalization. Especially, the EU has to admit that Islam is a part of its history and European institutions need to accept and support this feature as a part of their multi-cultural identity.

Emmanuelle Gris

Maria Elena Argano

Classé dans:COOPERATION JUDICIAIRE ET POLICIERE, Lutte contre le terrorisme et la radicalisation, Uncategorized Tagged: EU, Radicalisation, religion

Après une participation à la 53ème Conférence sur la sécurité de Munich du 17 au 19 février, le vice-président américain rencontrera des responsables belges, de l’Union européenne et de l’Otan le 20 février.

Après l'approbation par les députés le 9 février, c'est au tour de la chambre haute du Parlement britannique d'examiner le projet de loi du gouvernement sur le Brexit.

Afin de bénéficier de l'aide financière du FMI et de l'Union européenne, la Grèce devra s'accorder avec ses créanciers lors de la prochaine réunion de l'Eurogroupe le 20 février.

Séance plénière : Les projets visant à encourager les réductions d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre au travers du marché européen du carbone (SEQE ou ETS en anglais) ont été adoptés par le Parlement ce mercredi. Les députés ont approuvé la proposition de la Commission de réduire de 2,2% chaque année la quantité de crédits carbone, et veulent doubler la capacité de la réserve de stabilité du marché de 2015 afin d’absorber les surplus de quotas sur le marché.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Séance plénière : Les pesticides biologiques à faible risque, y compris ceux à base de bio-organismes, de phéromones ou d’huiles essentielles, pourraient remplacer les pesticides conventionnels, suspectés de nuire à l’environnement et à la santé humaine. Les députés se demandent pourquoi certains États membres hésitent ou se refusent à les approuver et souhaitent que la Commission européenne propose une révision des règles afin d’accélérer le processus d’approbation.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Séance plénière : L’Albanie devrait accélérer le rythme de sa réforme judiciaire, cruciale pour que le pays puisse débuter les négociations d’adhésion à l’UE. La Bosnie-Herzégovine, quant à elle, doit dépasser ses divisions ethniques et politiques, tout en restant unie tout au long du processus d’évaluation de sa demande d’adhésion. C’est ce qu’ont déclaré les députés mercredi.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Général : Des drones aux robots industriels, la robotique et l’intelligence artificielle font de plus en plus partie de notre quotidien. Comment répondre aux nouveaux défis juridiques et éthiques liés à ces technologies ? Dans un rapport débattu et voté en session plénière cette semaine, les députés demandent la mise en place d’un cadre légal à l’échelle européenne. Nous avons rencontré Mady Delvaux, députée démocrate socialiste luxembourgeoise en charge du dossier, pour en savoir plus.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Séance plénière : L’accord économique et commercial global (AECG - ou CETA pour l’acronyme anglais) entre l’UE et le Canada, qui vise à stimuler les échanges de biens et de services ainsi que les flux d’investissement, a été adopté mercredi par le Parlement européen. L’accord historique pourrait s’appliquer provisoirement dès avril 2017.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Nouvelle étape franchie pour le CETA, l'accord de libre-échange conclu entre l'Union européenne et le Canada. Après sept ans de négociations et de multiples rebondissements, le texte a obtenu ce mercredi 15 février, l'aval des députés européens réunis à Strasbourg en session plénière. Cet accord, très controversé, a été voté à 408 voix contre 254.

Aircraft carrier "São Paulo" (ex R99 Foch, built in France between 1957 and 1960) was incorporated into the Brazilian Navy in 2000, based on an opportunity purchase from the French National Navy, for US$30 million — no aircraft were included in the price — with the primary purpose of replacing the former "Minas Gerais" Light-Aircraft, at the end of its useful life, and providing the evolution of airborne operations using fixed wing aircraft and A-4 Skyhawk jet propulsion.

Although it already has 37 years of active service at the moment of acquisition, the Ship fulfilled its mission in the first years in activity by the Brazilian fleet, enabling the Navy to acquire the qualification to operate high performance aircraft embarked.

After several attempts to recover operational capacity of the brazil aircraft carrier "NAe Sao Paulo" (A 12), the Brazil Admiralty concluded that the modernization would require high financial investment contain technical uncertainties and would require a long completion period and decided to demobilize the environment, over the next three years.

A program to obtain a new ship-aerodrome x aircraft set will occupy the Navy's third acquisition priority, following the PROSUB / Nuclear Program and the Tamandaré Corvette Construction Program. The cost of acquiring this new binomial will be substantially lower than the cost of the modernization of the "Sao Paulo" and of the obtaining new aircraft compatible with this aircraft carrier. The AF-1 aircraft are expected to be at the end of their life when São Paulo ends its modernization.

NAe : Navio Aerodromo
Source

Tag: aircraft carrierSao PaoloR99 FochFrench Navy

An internal Defence Ministry report reveals more details about an unfolding scandal at a Baden-Württemberg barracks involving "sadistic rituals". The internal report seen by Spiegel and DPA describes a female soldier being forced by her trainers to pole dance and also separately being touched in intimate areas.

The report comes from the woman’s account of an incident last year at the Pfullendorf barracks, which has been the centre of scandal in recent weeks. The woman said that she was forced to undergo some kind of recruitment test where she had to dance against a pole in a common room. She also said that throughout the training sessions, trainees were made to strip naked, and women were touched by trainers, not wearing any gloves, in intimate areas. The trainers then did a ‘smell test’ in front of the whole group. The trainers also had trainees sign a consent form, and took pictures which they said were for training purposes.

Internal research also found that the dancing pole had been installed and used regularly while soldiers were drinking. The report also noted that investigators had largely confirmed the woman’s account. Seven soldiers have been suspended amid an ongoing investigation into grievous bodily harm against trainees, as well as false imprisonment, and sexual assault. The investigation reportedly dates back to last October when a female lieutenant reported incidents directly to the Defence Ministry. The lieutenant described how she saw unbelievable scenes of recruits being forced to strip naked in front of their comrades, with trainers filming.

She also reported that trainers had forced the recruits to do exercises that served no purpose other than sexual ones, such as reviewing how to insert medical devices into the anuses of male and female recruits, which was also recorded.
In the US Army Female army members allegedly pressured into prostitution.

Source

Tag: German ArmyPfullendorf

Séance plénière : Les députés réunis en session plénière à Strasbourg ont approuvé ce mercredi 15 février l’accord économique et commercial global (CETA) entre l’Union européenne et le Canada. Il pourrait s’appliquer provisoirement dès avril 2017 et offrir aux entreprises européennes de meilleures opportunités outre-Atlantique. Le commerce avec le Canada représente actuellement plus de 60 milliards d’euros.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Séance plénière : La question de la dette grecque a fait une nouvelle fois l’objet d’un débat en session plénière à Strasbourg ce mardi 14 février. Une délégation de l’Union européenne ainsi que des représentants du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) devraient se rendre à Athènes au cours des prochains jours pour évaluer si le pays met correctement en œuvre les réformes prévues par le dernier plan de sauvetage, une condition nécessaire au maintien d’un soutien international au pays.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE

Séance plénière : Le Président autrichien Alexander Van der Bellen a effectué son premier déplacement officiel à l’étranger en se rendant à Strasbourg ce mardi 14 février. Devant les députés réunis en session plénière, il a souligné les succès de l’intégration européenne et a appelé à résoudre les défis actuels ensemble. « L’idée de l'Europe est merveilleuse, elle est unique, elle en vaut la peine », a-t-il expliqué.

Source : © Union européenne, 2017 - PE