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Competing visions, shifting power: key challenges for global development in 2026

The global development landscape entering 2026 is shaped by deep geopolitical disruptions, significantly intensified by the return of President Trump and the acceleration of systemic rivalry, conflict and multipolar competition. Development policy now unfolds in an environment where multilateral norms are weakening, Western cohesion is fracturing and Global South actors increasingly exercise greater agency through strategies of multi-alignment. Cuts to ODA budgets across traditional donor countries, paralysis in the UN development system and US hostility towards Agenda 2030 have collectively unsettled the development architecture, prompting a proliferation of commissions and processes seeking to rethink future cooperation. We identify four issues that we think will be of high importance for global development policy in 2026 and beyond and situate these within the context outlined above.
Issue I. China’s transition towards high-income status and the implications for its evolving role in global development debates Economically, China is approaching graduation from the list of ODA-eligible countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC), yet politically it continues to claim “developing country” status as part of a deliberate strategy to anchor itself within Global South coalitions. This duality provides significant diplomatic and narrative leverage. China’s expanding suite of global initiatives – from the Belt and Road Initiative to the new Global Governance Initiative – gives it increasing influence over international agenda-setting, especially as some Western actors retreat from traditional development roles. OECD countries must, therefore, craft engagement strategies that can accommodate China’s hybrid positioning while defending coherent standards for global responsibility-sharing.
Issue II. Russia’s influence in the Global South Although Russia lacks a credible development model, it wields significant spoiler power through arms provision, disinformation operations and especially nuclear energy cooperation. Rosatom’s integrated nuclear packages are appealing to many African countries, creating long-term dependencies and expanding Moscow’s geopolitical reach – an area largely overlooked in Western development strategies.
Issue III. The rise of non-democratic governance across much of the Global South and its consequences for global governance With the majority of the population now living in electoral autocracies or closed autocracies, democratic backsliding undermines the foundations of global governance. Normative contestation, institutional fragmentation, legitimacy deficits, geopolitical bargaining and uneven provision of global public goods increasingly shape multilateral cooperation.
Issue IV. How both Southern middle powers and smaller countries are adjusting to the changing environment Countries such as Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, South Africa and the Gulf states are capitalising on systemic volatility to expand influence through multi-alignment, new coalitions and diversified cooperation instruments. For external actors, accepting multi-alignment as a stable feature will be essential for building effective, issue-based partnerships in areas such as climate, health, food systems and digital public infrastructure.

Professor Andy Sumner is a professor of International Development at King’s College London and President of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes.

Competing visions, shifting power: key challenges for global development in 2026

The global development landscape entering 2026 is shaped by deep geopolitical disruptions, significantly intensified by the return of President Trump and the acceleration of systemic rivalry, conflict and multipolar competition. Development policy now unfolds in an environment where multilateral norms are weakening, Western cohesion is fracturing and Global South actors increasingly exercise greater agency through strategies of multi-alignment. Cuts to ODA budgets across traditional donor countries, paralysis in the UN development system and US hostility towards Agenda 2030 have collectively unsettled the development architecture, prompting a proliferation of commissions and processes seeking to rethink future cooperation. We identify four issues that we think will be of high importance for global development policy in 2026 and beyond and situate these within the context outlined above.
Issue I. China’s transition towards high-income status and the implications for its evolving role in global development debates Economically, China is approaching graduation from the list of ODA-eligible countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC), yet politically it continues to claim “developing country” status as part of a deliberate strategy to anchor itself within Global South coalitions. This duality provides significant diplomatic and narrative leverage. China’s expanding suite of global initiatives – from the Belt and Road Initiative to the new Global Governance Initiative – gives it increasing influence over international agenda-setting, especially as some Western actors retreat from traditional development roles. OECD countries must, therefore, craft engagement strategies that can accommodate China’s hybrid positioning while defending coherent standards for global responsibility-sharing.
Issue II. Russia’s influence in the Global South Although Russia lacks a credible development model, it wields significant spoiler power through arms provision, disinformation operations and especially nuclear energy cooperation. Rosatom’s integrated nuclear packages are appealing to many African countries, creating long-term dependencies and expanding Moscow’s geopolitical reach – an area largely overlooked in Western development strategies.
Issue III. The rise of non-democratic governance across much of the Global South and its consequences for global governance With the majority of the population now living in electoral autocracies or closed autocracies, democratic backsliding undermines the foundations of global governance. Normative contestation, institutional fragmentation, legitimacy deficits, geopolitical bargaining and uneven provision of global public goods increasingly shape multilateral cooperation.
Issue IV. How both Southern middle powers and smaller countries are adjusting to the changing environment Countries such as Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, South Africa and the Gulf states are capitalising on systemic volatility to expand influence through multi-alignment, new coalitions and diversified cooperation instruments. For external actors, accepting multi-alignment as a stable feature will be essential for building effective, issue-based partnerships in areas such as climate, health, food systems and digital public infrastructure.

Professor Andy Sumner is a professor of International Development at King’s College London and President of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes.

Lithuania calls state of emergency over Belarusian balloon intrusions

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 11:12
Vilnius airport has already been forced to close for over 60 hours due to the balloons
Catégories: European Union

Neue Veranstaltungsreihe „DIW-OECD Industrial Strategy Dialogue“ gestartet

Das DIW Berlin und das OECD Centre Berlin haben am 8. Dezember 2025 die neue Veranstaltungsreihe „DIW-OECD Industrial Strategy Dialogue” gestartet. Sie bietet eine Plattform für den Dialog zwischen wichtigen Akteur*innen aus Politik, Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft, um über aktuelle ...

Schawinski: «Ich habe Blut geschwitzt» – das Parlament will die UKW-Abschaltung rückgängig machen

NZZ.ch - mar, 09/12/2025 - 11:11
Nach dem Nationalrat hat auch der Ständerat einem Vorstoss für die Weiterführung des analogen Radios über das Jahr 2026 hinaus zugestimmt. Das freut den Chef von Radio 1, Roger Schawinski.
Catégories: Swiss News

Qui sont les favoris pour remporter la Coupe du monde 2026 ?

BBC Afrique - mar, 09/12/2025 - 11:00
Le tirage au sort de la Coupe du Monde 2026 a eu lieu, ce qui signifie que le compte à rebours avant le tournoi est lancé - mais qui sont les favoris pour remporter le trophée tant convoité ?
Catégories: Afrique

Un chef de milice soudanais condamné par la CPI à 20 ans de prison pour crimes de guerre

France24 / Afrique - mar, 09/12/2025 - 10:57
La Cour pénale internationale a condamné mardi 9 décembre le chef de milice soudanais Ali Mohamed Ali Abd-Al-Rahman à 20 ans d'emprisonnement pour des crimes de guerre et crimes contre l'humanité commis au Darfour entre 2003 et 2004. Reconnu coupable de meurtres, viols et tortures, l'ex-responsable des Janjawids surnommé le "tueur à la hache" a été jugé pour son rôle actif dans ces exactions.
Catégories: Afrique

AMENDMENTS 1 - 358 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation - PE779.672v01-00

AMENDMENTS 1 - 358 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Committee on Development
Hildegard Bentele, Chloé Ridel

Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP
Catégories: Europäische Union

AMENDMENTS 1 - 358 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation - PE779.672v01-00

AMENDMENTS 1 - 358 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Committee on Development
Hildegard Bentele, Chloé Ridel

Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP
Catégories: European Union

AMENDMENTS 359 - 714 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation - PE781.169v01-00

AMENDMENTS 359 - 714 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Committee on Development
Hildegard Bentele, Chloé Ridel

Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP
Catégories: Europäische Union

AMENDMENTS 359 - 714 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation - PE781.169v01-00

AMENDMENTS 359 - 714 - Draft opinion Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Committee on Development
Hildegard Bentele, Chloé Ridel

Source : © European Union, 2025 - EP
Catégories: European Union

FIRST AID: Biotech Act back to the drawing board

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 10:39
In today's edition: €4bn CMA fund, health expert deepfakes, German insurance
Catégories: European Union

THE HACK: Justice Commissioner defends Digital Omnibus

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 10:07
In today's edition: EU vs Elon Musk, Meta ad model, Space Act compromise, GDPR overhaul
Catégories: European Union

Why Local Airports Matter More Than Ever

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 10:00
Europe’s cohesion and competitiveness depends on air connectivity, but we are at risk of losing regional airports because of overly stringent EU state aid enforcement. Allowing state aid to airports for operating costs is essential for keeping every region part of Europe’s economy and green transition.
Catégories: European Union

FIREPOWER: Kubilius’ council of elders takes shape

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 09:58
Plus NATO silence, a fresh rebellion against Europe-first procurement, and EDIP officially voted through Council
Catégories: European Union

Budget 2026 : le vrai coût pour la Sécurité sociale en cas de refus du texte

Le Figaro / Politique - mar, 09/12/2025 - 09:55
DÉCRYPTAGE - Le rejet du budget de la Sécurité sociale par les députés pourrait fortement aggraver le déficit des comptes sociaux en 2026, sans toutefois paralyser complètement la Sécu.
Catégories: France

Commission investigates Google over training AI without paying creators

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 09:53
The EU executive thinks the search giant might be abusing its position by not allowing publishers and videomakers to opt out of AI training
Catégories: European Union

HARVEST: Christmas derogation

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 09:46
In today's edition: Mercosur safeguard, protests, mergers
Catégories: European Union

Transport Policy Conference

Euractiv.com - mar, 09/12/2025 - 09:30
09:30 – 09:45 PLENARY: Driving the future – Charting the path to sustainable transport in the EU Mobility is at the heart of the European Union, enabling the movement of people, goods, and services. It is a cornerstone of the EU’s competitiveness and is vital to advancing the green and digital twin transitions. In this […]
Catégories: European Union

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