Kyle Mizokami
Firearms, World
Smith & Wesson, Glock, and Heckler and Koch all make the cut.Key point: These U.S. arms makers are some of the best in the world. Here is how they compete and compare to each other.
America’s prolific firearms industry means that choosing the top five manufacturers is no easy task. While boutique handgun builders may produce some very fine pieces, quantity has a quality all its own, and several companies ship hundreds of thousands of handguns a year. Like the auto industry, some of the best handguns come from foreign manufacturers. Here are the five best handgun manufacturers.
This first appeared earlier and is being reposted due to reader interest.
Glock
Gaston Glock’s initial attempt to build a handgun for the Austrian military has exploded into an international empire, all the more amazing considering that it was built solely on handguns. From the original Glock 17, the company now offers twenty-six handguns on the U.S. market in calibers from .380 Auto to .45 G.A.P. The company’s simple emphasis on lightweight, slim-profile, “pointable” pistols was a recipe for success, impressing first-time shooters with their ease of use and longtime shooters with their reliability and accuracy. For all of the variety, Glock’s handguns are strikingly similar to one another, demonstrating that Glock won’t fix what isn’t broken.
Recommended: Uzi: The Israeli Machine Gun That Conquered the World
Recommended: The M4: The Gun U.S. Army Loves to Go to War With
Recommended: Why Glock Dominates the Handgun Market (And Better than Sig Sauer and Beretta)
Sturm Ruger & Co.
Known colloquially as Ruger, the Sturm Ruger & Company was founded by Alexander Sturm and Bill Ruger in 1949. Unlike Glock, Ruger manufactures both long guns and handguns. Ruger’s handguns are generally similar to Ford pickup trucks: simple, reliable and moderately priced compared to the competition. Ruger’s GP100 is one of the leading full-size revolvers, while the company’s LCR series of hammerless, double-action-only compact revolvers make excellent concealed-carry weapons. The company also produces a variety of pistols, including the .22 caliber Mark IV target pistol and the SR1911, its own in-house version of John Browning’s 1911. The new Ruger American pistol is Ruger’s entry into the high-capacity, polymer-frame pistol market.
Sig Sauer
A Swiss-German company, Sig Sauer was relatively unknown in the U.S. market until its failed entrant in the competition to replace the Colt 1911A1 handgun in U.S. military service was picked up by the U.S. Navy SEALs. Sig’s handgun line is based on the original Sig P210, originally designed for Swiss military service. A redesign and reconfiguration into new full-sized and compact models saw the Sig series of handguns widely accepted among U.S. police forces, including the San Francisco Police Department, and are acceptable carry pistols for the New York and Houston police departments. Like most gun manufacturers Sig Sauer produces its own version of the 1911. Sig Sauer recently won the contract for the U.S. Army’s new M17 handgun.
Smith and Wesson
One of the oldest names in American firearms, Smith and Wesson was founded in 1852. From the early Volcanic lever action pistol to the current M&P series of polymer, striker-fired handguns, Smith and Wesson has continually produced pistols over its 165-year history. The company’s Model 1 handgun was purchased privately by soldiers on both sides of the U.S. Civil War, while the heavier Schofield revolver was carried by postwar U.S. cavalrymen. Today the M&P pistols are standard issue in many police departments worldwide, including the Chicago, Houston and Detroit police departments, while Smith and Wesson revolvers are considered the standard in American revolvers.
Heckler and Koch
A postwar German arms maker that rose from the ashes of the legendary Mauser corporation, Heckler and Koch has made a reputation building innovative, reliable firearms. “H&K,” as it is known in the U.S. market, makes everything from grenade launchers for the United States Army to the U.S. Marine Corps’ new M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle. H&K’s nine-millimeter VP9 series of handguns are durable and reliable, while the .45 caliber HK45 fires a more powerful round. The USP, or Universal Service Pistol, was designed as an entry in U.S. Special Operations Command’s Offensive Handgun Weapon System.
Kyle Mizokami is a defense and national-security writer based in San Francisco who has appeared in the Diplomat, Foreign Policy, War is Boring and the Daily Beast. In 2009 he cofounded the defense and security blog Japan Security Watch. You can follow him on Twitter: @KyleMizokami. This first appeared earlier and is being reposted due to reader interest.
Image: Reuters.
« La France dans le monde » – 3 questions à Frédéric CharillonÉdito12 mars 2021Le point de vue de Pascal Boniface PUBLIE SUR LE SITE DE L'IRIS
This article is the English version of : Ombelyne Dagicour, « Géopolitique de l’Amazonie », published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 85, Issue 1, 2020.
The fires that ripped through the Amazon’s forests in 2019 brought new prominence to the challenge of balancing environmental and economic needs in this contested landscape. Often described as the “lungs of the planet,” the Amazon rainforest covers an area of over 7.5 million square kilometers and is a reservoir for biodiversity unmatched by anywhere else on Earth. The world’s largest hydrological system, the Amazon basin holds 20 percent of the world’s freshwater. With climate change picking up pace, there is a risk that the Amazon rainforest’s vast stores of carbon could be released as deforestation advances. Around ninety thousand forest fires were recorded in 2019, the highest figure for over a decade. The sight of the rainforest ablaze was met with international horror, prompting criticisms of the Brazilian government in general and President Jair Bolsonaro in particular. Already, the forest has shrunk by 20 percent in the space of just fifty years, according to figures from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon has almost doubled since 2018, with industrial monoculture and mineral extraction making ever-greater inroads into the tropical belt.
These recent events warn us that the Amazon is now everybody’s concern. Historically brushed aside, this region has taken on a pressing strategic significance. Rich mineral resources and swathes of land coveted for agro-industrial development have propelled the Amazon to the top of the list as far as Brazil’s national priorities are concerned. Around 60 percent of the entire Amazon basin lies inside its borders. In 1953, Brazil introduced a political, administrative, and geographical framework for what it called Amazônia Legal, also known as Brazil’s Legal Amazon or BLA, which was to become a key focus for infrastructure and settlement programs.
The word “territory” typically evokes a space claimed and demarcated by an authority, on which a political jurisdiction is founded. In the face of the global ecological and climate crisis, a tension has emerged between the sovereignty of Amazon states and the argument that, in this special case, a set of international rules should apply. Some go so far as to advocate bringing the region under international control. Against this backdrop, what challenges and threats hang over the Amazon today, placing its ecosystems and populations at risk?
To fully understand what is at stake, we need to turn briefly to the historical dynamics that have played out in the Amazon basin over time. This background knowledge is vital for getting to grips with the region’s very particular social and ecological issues and their origins in the antagonism between developmentalist and environmentalist logics. It also allows us to comprehend how the Brazilian government’s recent geopolitical positioning has cast a veil of uncertainty over the conservation of the Amazon rainforest, potentially negating recent progress in multilateral governance on climate change.
The Brazilian Amazon: Nation Building and the Pioneer MindsetThe Amazon’s remoteness means that it has always been a terra incognita in the eyes of state power, first imperial and then republican. Nevertheless, it has proved a fertile ground for myth-making from the colonial period onward: the notion of El Dorado, a homogeneous, verdant oasis overflowing with inexhaustible natural resources, was especially persistent. Throughout human history, its occupation and economic development have occurred in cycles, linked to the extraction of forest resources (timber, ore, medicinal plants, and so on). The rubber boom, fueled by the burgeoning automotive sector, upended the status and economy of these old peripheral colonies, propelling them into the compass of the international capitalist system.
The government of Getúlio Vargas, Brazil’s populist authoritarian leader from 1930 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1954, marked a watershed in the construction of a Brazilian national identity and the drive to bring the Amazon fringe into the national fold. Vargas launched the first Amazon Development Plan, part of an ongoing project to bring about the Estado Novo, or New Brazilian State. The close relationship between nationalism and developmentalism that we see today has its origins in theories put forward by the founders of Brazilian social science. During the Cold War—which had a special resonance in Latin America in light of the fallout from the 1959 Cuban Revolution—Brazil’s nationalist leaders gambled on their geopolitical control of the region, pursuing a strategy of import substitution industrialization.
In this context, the Amazon became a key piece on the board, both for its potential role in economic development and its importance to national security. Juscelino Kubitschek’s regime (1956–1961) has become emblematic of the developmentalist ideology. In 1960, it unveiled a new capital, Brasilia: a modernist ideal brought to life by state power and a determination to assert its absolute territorial sovereignty. The first arterial road to cut through the Amazon, linking Brasilia to Belém, testifies to the energy poured into opening up the region and transforming Brazil into a modern, industrial, and urban nation, right down to its remotest reaches. […]
Read the rest of the article here.
>>> More articles of Politique étrangère are available for reading
on Cairn International <<<
Accédez à l’article de Rémy Rioux et Jean-David Naudet ici.
Retrouvez le sommaire du numéro 1/2021 de Politique étrangère ici.