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Diplomacy & Crisis News

Sessions’ Draconian Asylum Decision

Foreign Affairs - ven, 15/06/2018 - 06:00
Sessions found that a domestic violence victim from El Salvador—perhaps the most dangerous country on earth in which to be a woman—would not qualify for asylum, even though her own country had utterly failed to protect her.

Mali: Presidential elections critical to consolidate democracy, says UN peacekeeping chief

UN News Centre - ven, 15/06/2018 - 00:45
Though the past 12 months had been the most encouraging in terms of advancing the peace process in Mali, security challenges still pose a dangerous threat, with civilians and security forces still being attacked, the top United Nations peacekeeping official told the Security Council on Thursday.  

Singapore Was Just the First Episode of Trump’s North Korea Show

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 20:38
Here are five issues to watch moving forward.

UN rushes to deliver aid as key Yemeni port city is ‘shelled and bombarded’

UN News Centre - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 20:35
As the Yemeni port city of Hodeida continues to come under attack from Saudi-led coalition forces on Thursday, seeking to drive out Houthi rebels who control the city, the United Nations and humanitarian partners are rushing to provide life-saving assistance to thousands of vulnerable families there.

LETTER FROM AFGHANISTAN: Elections serve up food for thought, for Afghan youth

UN News Centre - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 20:12
By Philip Smucker   At the newly-established “50/50” fast food restaurant on the tree-lined streets of Herat, in the west of Afghanistan, business is brisk as deliveries are whisked away, on the back of motorbikes to hungry customers across the ancient city. 

Kuwait and Oman Are Stuck in Arab No Man’s Land

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 20:09
The showdown with Qatar is forcing all Middle Eastern countries to pick sides — and leaving two of them in the lurch.

Never Call Kim Jong Un Crazy Again

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 18:57
After the Singapore summit, it isn't just wrong to say the North Korean leader is irrational — it's dangerous.

La Bosnie otage du conflit

Le Monde Diplomatique - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 18:46
Si l'Occident s'inquiète des répercussions du conflit sur la Bosnie-Herzégovine, c'est qu'il mesure la fragilité des accords de Dayton. Ayant entériné la répartition ethnique du pays, la paix américaine serait menacée par une relance des tendances centrifuges des communautés. De fait, les séparatistes (...) / , , , , - 1999/07

Afghanistan: UN envoy urges further extension of ceasefire with Taliban, as Eid ul-Fitr gets underway

UN News Centre - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 17:46
Expressing solidarity with the people of Afghanistan, the United Nations envoy in the country has expressed hope that the temporary ceasefires marking the final days of the holy month of Ramadan in the war-battered nation, will lead to the lasting peace that Afghans so badly “want and deserve.”

Financial abuse of elderly ‘rampant, but invisible’, says UN expert

UN News Centre - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 16:51
Older people are increasingly subject to financial abuse, in many cases by their own family members, a United Nations human rights expert warned on Thursday.    

Les Allemands de l'Est redressent la tête

Le Monde Diplomatique - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 16:45
Dans leur « déclaration d'Erfut », lancée à la mi-janvier, des intellectuels allemands reprochent au chancelier Helmut Khol sa « guerre froide contre l'Etat social ». Voilà qui confirme la crise du modèle imposé, depuis l'unification, aux nouveaux Länder. Ayant expérimenté les deux systèmes, les (...) / , - 1997/02

Russia’s World Cup Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy Blogs - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 16:09

Not long ago the international community was celebrating the end of the Sochi Olympics in Russia. This was before Russia’s involvement in the Middle East, before the conflict in Crimea as well as before the downing of Malaysian Airlines flight over a contested part of the Ukraine. The beginning of Russia’s added military involvement started soon after Sochi, and there has been little analysis of Russia beyond tying it to the last Presidential elections, in the United States.

International sporting events seem to have a different perspective inside Russia as opposed to that of the rest of Europe. While the FIFA World Cup is often a time to set aside differences and promote fair play on the pitch, Russian based international events also seem to focus Russians in on themselves in addition to providing the world with a positive image of the host nation as well. Sochi was a successful games, but also set a very different tone outside of Russia as opposed to inside of Russia. Negative perspectives on Russian society during the last Winter Games outside of Russia allowed nationalist movements to set Russians apart from the rest of Europe, playing on historical divisions between Russia and the West. Since then, divisions have been amplified by actions by Russian politicians as well as European policy that drove a wedge further between neighbours. What must be understood is that international events can be used as a tool of self-promotion by the government, but can also be focused on in a way that pushes moderates in Russia closer to their government if international media uses such events to criticize Russian culture.

A post Sochi approach to Russian policy during international events should have made it clear that any conflict with Russia should be addressed by an absence in international activities where Russia is hosting the event. A severe fault by Russia’s government should likely be met with a clear response to their government, even if it costs a spot for a national team in the World Cup. If all teams accept to participate in the tournament, policy is best left to when the event ends. An appreciation for the hosts during the event should reflect an appreciation of their people, not necessarily their government, until the games conclude and relations can return to one focusing on government policies. A positive games is good policy, as politics should always be left off the pitch.

The post Russia’s World Cup Foreign Policy appeared first on Foreign Policy Blogs.

2018 Career Diplomat of the Year Zeid Raad al-Hussein: Read the Transcript

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 16:09
Zeid Raad al-Hussein serves as the U.N. high commissioner for human rights.

2018 Diplomat of the Year Chrystia Freeland: Read the Transcript

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 16:08
Chrystia Freeland is Canada’s foreign minister and the member of Parliament for University-Rosedale.

China Smells Opportunity in the Middle East’s Crisis

Foreign Policy - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 15:03
Beijing is using the region's ongoing woes to solidify its own geopolitical agenda.

Has U.S. Foreign Policy Been Too Focused on Counterterrorism?

Foreign Affairs - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 13:00
A group of experts weighs in on whether U.S. foreign policy has focused too much on counterterrorism over the past decade.

The Only Language They Understand

Politique étrangère (IFRI) - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 09:00

Cette recension a été publiée dans le numéro d’été de Politique étrangère (n° 2/2018). Samy Cohen propose une analyse de l’ouvrage de Nathan Thrall, The Only Language They Understand: Forcing Compromise in Israel and Palestine (Metropolitan Books, 2017, 336 pages).

« Le seul langage qu’ils comprennent est celui de la force » : l’argument lapidaire a bien souvent tenu lieu de politique envers l’autre, Israélien ou Arabe. Les opinions publiques des deux bords s’en sont imprégnées, empêchant de voir l’adversaire autrement que comme une entité homogène, hostile et réfractaire à toute option de paix. Nathan Thrall, expert à l’International Crisis Group, renverse l’argument en montrant qu’il y a paradoxalement un fond de vérité dans cette assertion – vérité qui se retourne contre celui qui la profère. Sa démonstration est intéressante : ce sont les pressions et les arguments de force qui ont été la cause directe des concessions faites, lorsqu’elles ont été faites, par les deux parties et particulièrement de la part d’Israël, le camp le plus puissant. Chaque fois que l’armée israélienne s’est retirée d’un territoire qu’elle contrôlait, ce fut sous la force de pressions diplomatiques ou militaires.

Ce sont les menaces combinées de l’Union soviétique et du président Eisenhower qui convainquirent David Ben Gourion de retirer l’armée du Sinaï en 1957. C’est sous la pression de Jimmy Carter que Menahem Begin décida le retrait des forces israéliennes du Sud-Liban en 1977. En 1991, après la guerre du Golfe, James Baker « violait » pratiquement le Premier ministre Yitzhak Shamir, en menaçant de lever la garantie américaine à un important prêt qu’Israël réclamait s’il ne se rendait pas à la conférence de paix de Madrid. En juillet 2000, Ehoud Barak concluait à la nécessité de retirer Tsahal du Sud-Liban suite aux attaques répétées des combattants du Hezbollah. Ce sont deux insurrections palestiniennes qui ont fait bouger Israël. La première Intifada démarrée en 1987 conduisait Yitzhak Rabin, revenu au pouvoir en 1992, à conclure que le conflit ne s’apaiserait pas si Israël ne s’ouvrait pas aux revendications politiques palestiniennes.

Nathan Thrall rappelle que pendant la seconde Intifada, commencée en septembre 2000, Ariel Sharon avait affirmé en mai 2003, devant un parterre de députés du Likoud, qu’Israël ne pouvait pas continuer à « occuper » 3,5 millions de Palestiniens. La décision fut prise de désengager Israël de la bande de Gaza, et d’évacuer les 7 500 colons qu’il avait d’ailleurs lui-même contribué à installer par le passé. La force est donc bien « le seul langage qu’ils comprennent », selon l’auteur. C’est lorsque le coût de l’inaction peut se révéler trop élevé qu’on voit apparaître des concessions. Les incitations positives ne servent pas à grand-chose conclut-il, regrettant que la politique américaine des dernières décennies, bien qu’hostile à la colonisation des territoires palestiniens, ne se soit pas accompagnée de plus de fermeté envers le gouvernement israélien. Les États-Unis ont presque toujours mis leur véto au Conseil de sécurité, protégeant Israël des motions condamnant sa politique en Cisjordanie.

C’est d’un livre engagé qu’il s’agit ici. Sa thèse centrale est développée dans les 74 premières pages, la suite se composant de textes parus précédemment, sans lien direct avec le sujet. Ce mélange des genres nuit hélas à la cohérence du livre. Celui-ci pourrait toutefois apporter de l’eau au moulin du camp de la paix (mais aussi de certains diplomates occidentaux) qui, lassé de l’apathie de ses compatriotes, réclame que les États-Unis s’engagent à faire pression sur la droite au pouvoir. L’élection de Donald Trump à la présidence des États-Unis devrait cependant doucher ces espoirs.

Samy Cohen

S’abonner à Politique étrangère

July/August 2018

Foreign Affairs - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 06:30

Divide and Invest

Foreign Affairs - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 06:00

The Marshall Plan was the most successful U.S. foreign policy program of the Cold War, and arguably the most successful in all of U.S. history. In France, Italy, the United Kingdom, West Germany, and beyond, the plan’s $13 billion in aid expedited economic recovery, buoyed morale, and eroded the appeal of communism. All that is well known. But what is often forgotten is that the Marshall Plan also ratcheted up Cold War tensions. By spurring the economic revival of the western occupation zones in Germany and their eventual merger into the country of West Germany, it rekindled fears across the continent, east and west, about the specter of renewed German power. That, in turn, led to the establishment of NATO and the division of Europe.


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The Myth of the Liberal Order

Foreign Affairs - jeu, 14/06/2018 - 06:00

Among the debates that have swept the U.S. foreign policy community since the beginning of the Trump administration, alarm about the fate of the liberal international rules-based order has emerged as one of the few fixed points. From the international relations scholar G. John Ikenberry’s claim that “for seven decades the world has been dominated by a western liberal order” to U.S. Vice President Joe Biden’s call in the final days of the Obama administration to “act urgently to defend the liberal international order,” this banner waves atop most discussions of the United States’ role in the world. 


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