Il y a quelques mois, l'ami Philippe (blog) me propose d'organiser un colloque sur le Big Data. Pour décentrer un peu le sujet, nous avons voulu nous intéresser à la donnée, sous-jacente au BD et rarement étudiée en tant que telle (voir l’argument scientifique ci-dessous) ; de même, notre tropisme stratégique nous a poussé à regarder l'aspect stratégique de la chose, tant en stratégie publique qu'en stratégie économique. Ceci donne lieu à un beau colloque, qui réunit des gens de tous horizons (par exemples : Ch. Balagué, Th Berthier, F. Douzet, O. Hassid, A. Rouvroy, K. Salamatian, Ch. Schmidt, M. Watin-Augouard) pour donner lieu à échanges et discussions. Cela aura lieu à l’École Militaire le lundi 23 mars. Inscrivez vous vite ! Argument, programme et détails ci-dessous.
Le colloque est organisé par EchoRadar et le Centre d’Études Supérieures de la Gendarmerie (et l'école d'officiers de la gendarmerie). Le partenaire principal est Keyrus, acteur central du BD en France. Sont partenaires la Revue Défense Nationale, la Vigie, la chaire Castex de cyberstratégie, la chaire Saint-Cyr de cyberdéfense. L'inscription au colloque est gratuite et s'effectue à partir du lien suivant
Argument
La « donnée » est devenue une valeur centrale de nos sociétés : manipulée à l’origine dans des « bases de données » où elle était cantonnée, elle a pris son autonomie et suscité des exploitations nouvelles, qu’il s’agisse de « données ouvertes » (open data) ou de « données massives » (Big data).
Le mouvement n’est pas fini : la révolution cyber va se poursuivre avec la production et l’utilisation de nouvelles quantités astronomiques de données émises et produites par l’Internet des objets, la robotique massifiée ou le corps connecté.
Parmi toutes ses caractéristiques, l'Internet des objets sera un producteur massif de données. Cette production massive, couplée aux capacités de calcul importantes de l'informatique actuelle et à venir, augure d'un traitement massif de données récoltées, quand bien même elles ne seraient pas ordonnées selon les schémas de bases de données.
Les premières mises en œuvre apparaissent déjà, de nombreux professionnels étant intéressés par les utilisations potentielles de ces données : urbanistes, médecins, sportifs, forces de sécurité mais aussi assureurs.
Tous cherchent à améliorer la performance de leur organisation grâce à une approche scientifique des phénomènes qu'ils génèrent ou auxquels ils sont confrontés, en laissant le moins de prise possible au hasard et à l'incertitude.
Dès lors, pour appréhender ce monde extrêmement mouvant, il convient de s’interroger non seulement sur les données mais sur la notion même de donnée. Vient un moment où leur nombre devient tellement élevé que la quantité ne signifie plus par elle-même. Passer du pluriel au singulier permet ainsi de poser un meilleur diagnostic, étape essentielle et première de toute démarche stratégique. À l’issue seulement peut-on envisager les objectifs et esquisser les chemins pour les atteindre, dans une double perspective de stratégie d’entreprise et de stratégie étatique. Cette démarche préside au déroulé de ce colloque autour de la donnée.
Après avoir examiné ce que peut signifier la donnée (ce qu’elle est et son sens) et comment elle peut être utilisée de façon agrégée, il s’interroge sur les conséquences stratégiques qu’elle peut produire, aujourd’hui et demain : celles de l'entreprise (producteur et utilisateur du big data) comme celles de l’État (gardien de l'ordre public mais aussi des libertés publiques) tout en les mettant en regard du droit actuel et de ses évolutions envisageables.
Programme
Matinée : La donnée, singulière et plurielle
09h00 //Table ronde 1/ Qu’est-ce qu’une donnée ? Modérateur Jean-Paul Pinte (Université Catholique de Lille, Dr en Information Scientifique et Technique )
10h00 //Débat - 10h45 //Pause
11h00 //Table ronde 2/ De la donnée aux données Modérateur Christine Ballagué (Institut Mines Télécom Paris – Vice-Présidente du Conseil National du Numérique)
12h00 //Débat - 12h45 //Pause Cocktail
Après midi : La donnée au cœur des stratégies
14h00 //Table ronde 3/ Donnée et stratégie d'entreprise - Modérateur :Général Watin-Augouard (EOGN)
15h00 //Débat 15h45 //Pause
16h00 //Table ronde 4/ Donnée et stratégie de l’état Modérateur : Olivier Hassid (CDSE)
17h00 //Débat
17h45 //Conclusion générale par Olivier Kempf
Pour plus d'informations Nathalie Floc'h : +33 (0)1 41 34 11 48 - colloque-bigdata@keyrus.com
Yemen is on the brink of collapse, with Houthi rebels having taken over large parts of the country, including the capital, Sanaa.
After months of tightening control and the resignation of former President Hadi in January, the Houthis have dissolved parliament and announced plans for a new interim assembly and five-member presidential council, which will rule for up to two years.
This, combined with internal tensions between north and south, upheavals fueled by the Arab spring and the presence of Al Qaeda, has made the situation unsustainable.
In this video-interview, FRIDE senior researcher Barah Mikaïl analyses the country’s future prospects.
Photo Credit: Richard_Messenger
Alekszej Navalnij Borisz Nyemcov temetésének napján nyilvánosságra hozott levelének fordítása.
Kétnyelvűsíti logóját a nyolcadik alkalommal megrendezendő Kürti Borfesztivál. A logó a borfesztivál egyik legláthatóbb jellegzetessége, tömegek szeme elé kerül, megjelenik az óriásplakátokon és meghatározza a rendezvény identitását. A vizuális kétnyelvűség azért is fontos, mert a magyar feliratok jelenléte javít a nyelvhasználati tudatosságon, bátrabban merünk és akarunk megszólalni az anyanyelvünkön.
A kürti pályázat beküldési határideje március 15., a legjobb pályázó ingyenes belépőjegyet nyer a kürti fesztiválra. A nyertes a Szlovákiai Magyarok Kerekasztala szimbolikus díját is elnyeri. A pályázati munkák pontos paramétereit és a pályázat módját a kiírásban lehet megtekinteni.
Le prix Albert Thibaudet a été remis cette année le 3 juillet 2014 à MM. Jean Lopez et Lasha Otkhmezuri pour leur ouvrage Joukov, éditions Perrin, 2013.
ddGuest post by Diana Quintero, Vice Minister for Strategy and Planning, Ministry of National Defense, Colombia
Little is known about the Cartagena Dialogue – and I am not referring to a historical treaty signed in our beautiful walled city. Instead, I am referring to a new meeting point for leaders of Asian countries (such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the Philippines and Indonesia) and countries of the region (such as Chile, Peru, Panama, and Mexico) that will be coming together for the first time to establish a strategic dialogue on global trends in defense, security, and economics. Government leaders, academics and business people will participate in the dialogue, creating a bridge linking Asia with Latin America, as well as connecting Latin American countries among themselves.
A robust economy, reduction in poverty and unemployment, and the real possibility of finding an end to the armed conflict make Colombia a benchmark for the region and in the world. This is unquestionably thanks to the sacrifice of our soldiers and police – they are true architects of peace.
No country at peace can go without strong and modern armed forces. To offer assurance and security, law enforcement must be strengthened. It is the only way to create the right setting for a nation’s prosperity and sustainable development.
In the last decade, Colombia has been hailed by the international community for the progress it has made in matters of security. These results are due, primarily, to the increase in foot soldiers and the acquisition and modernisation of equipment, which have allowed an increased use of technology and greater effectiveness when protecting the Colombian people.
There can certainly be no better investment than that made in security. In fact, while the world at large discusses how to best resolve diverse conflicts, Colombia emerges as a great example in negotiated solutions.
The trust Colombia has built and our potential as a global actor make events like the IISS Cartagena Dialogue possible. This is an opportunity to share our success stories across multiple fronts. From 6–8 March, global leaders from the fields of business, politics, and academia will come together for strategic discussions in which Colombia will stand out as a central player in the fight against transnational crime and the reduction of social inequalities, building bridges that allow our nation to share its experience and capacity with the rest of the world.
This post is part of our content accompanying the IISS Cartagena Dialogue: Trans-Pacific Summit, which runs from 6-8 March 2015 in Colombia. You can follow the latest mentions of the Dialogue, or contribute your own, on Twitter via #IISSCartagena. Inquiries can be sent to cartagena@iiss.org.
Ils ont moins de 40 ans. Ils sont entrepreneurs à succès, dirigeants et cadres à haut potentiel d’entreprises performantes ou d’administrations influentes. Ils ont en commun l’excellence du parcours, une réputation flatteuse, une influence grandissante et un potentiel hors norme. Ils seront dans les années à venir à la tête des grandes entreprises françaises, ou aux commandes des PME les plus dynamiques et florissantes du pays.
Pour la troisième année consécutive, l’Institut Choiseul publie le Choiseul 100, classement des cent futurs leaders de l’économie française.
Publié en exclusivité dans le Figaro Magazine du 27 février 2015, le Choiseul 100 est également consultable sur le site du figaro.fr
Télécharger l’étude complète ici.
Télécharger le communiqué de presse
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A vajdaságban használt magyar nyelv sokaknak tűnik ízesnek, régiesnek, furcsának, akárcsak az erdélyi vagy más határon túli magyar. Tény azonban, hogy a határon túlra szakadt magyar közösségek az egységes magyar nemzetből hasíttattak ki, azaz, talán Erdély kivételével, soha nem működtek önálló régióként, nem tartoztak a velük szomszédos területektől eltérő nyelvjárásba. Éppen ezért a legtöbbször nem is lehet fellelni valamilyen különálló nyelvjárást az elszakított részeken, hiszen azok a területek egy nagyobb magyar nyelvjárási terület részei voltak és maradtak. Nyelvi sajátosságok természetesen kialakultak a lassan 100 évnyi különélésben, és a furcsa szavak nagy részét is ezek adják.
Nem valamiféle kuriózum, hogy a Vajdaságban szajlának nevezik a bovdent. Az együtt élés idején ez a szó még nem volt elterjedt, ha egyáltalán létezett, ezért a szerb neve a "szajla" honosodott meg később, amikor már mindenkinek volt legalább biciklije és azon bovden.
Ezek a jövevényszavak, az én véleményem szerint, másra nem, csak a nyelv rontására jók. Az erdélyi magyarban is számos román átvétel van. Nem gondolom, hogy a "buletin" megfelelő kifejezés lenne a "személyi igazolvány"-ra, csak egy román megnevezés, amely meghonosodott. Senki nem mondana ma Budapesten "buletin"-t a személyi helyett, pedig a ma divatos "el kell menjek" jellegű szókapcsolatokban is csak a román grammatika üt vissza, szó nincs valami szép régies mondatszerkesztésről.
Meg kell értenünk (és nem "meg kell értsük"), hogy a határon túl élő magyarok nyelvére nagy hatással van azoknak a népeknek a nyelve, amelyekkel együtt élnek. Aki tehát manapság keresné az erdélyi, vajdasági, kárpátaljai, felvidéki magyarban az ősi nyelvet, alighanem csak egy románnal, szerbbel, szlovákkal, orosszal és ukránnal kevert korcs nyelvi kódot talál, de semmiképpen sem valami tiszta ősi nyelvet.
This article originally appeared in ISN.
What geopolitical factors helped transform Geneva into a global economic and diplomatic center? For Nayef Al-Rodhan, two of them stand out – the city’s role as a safe haven during the two World Wars, and its ability to provide a needed ‘coordination point’ during the Cold War.
Introduction
On 19 May 2015, Geneva will celebrate the two-hundredth anniversary of its accession to the Swiss Confederation. This occasion provides an opportunity to reflect on how the past two hundred years have transformed Geneva’s relationship to Switzerland and Geneva’s role in the world. With a population of less than 200,000 inhabitants, Geneva is a global and multicultural city, a hub for humanitarian diplomacy, an epicenter for banking and trading, and it ranks behind only Zurich and Vienna in global measures of the quality of life .
Alongside New York, Geneva has also become one of the most active locations for multilateral diplomacy . It hosts 30 international organizations, including the European headquarters of the United Nations, 250 international non-governmental organizations and 172 permanent missions. In total, the international sector in Geneva employs over 28,000 people . Geneva is a center of humanitarian action, education, peacekeeping, security and nuclear research. This critical mass of mandates makes the city uniquely relevant in world politics.
The story of how Geneva acquired this role is tightly connected to the history of power politics in Europe, the distinct advantages of Swiss neutrality and the evolution of international diplomacy. Two hundred years ago, Geneva was treated as an object of geopolitics and bartered away at the Congresses of Paris and Vienna in order to establish a post-Napoleonic equilibrium on the European continent. This geopolitical role was retained until the Inter-War Period. Today, Geneva is often described as “the diplomatic capital of the world” and is an important node in the global economy. Two factors explain this remarkable transformation: 1) the role of the city as a “safe haven” that could offer intact infrastructure and ‘business as usual’ during the two World Wars and 2) its role as a hub of political and economic coordination between the West and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Paris, Vienna and Geneva
The year 1815 marked the end of a fifteen-year period of French rule over Geneva. After Napoleon’s troops were driven from the city following his defeat at Leipzig in 1813, the Swiss federal assembly voted to integrate Geneva, Neuchâtel and the Valais into the Confederation, leading to the signing of the Treaty for the Admission of Geneva on 19 May 1815.
On Geneva’s part, the move for admission was primarily a geopolitical calculation. In an era of empires and nation-states, Geneva recognized that city-states would require a larger entity to provide for their defense and survival.
At the Congresses of Paris and Vienna, Geneva won support for its desire to become a part of Switzerland. Represented by the diplomat Charles Pictet de Rochemont, Geneva received seven communes from the Pays de Gex and twenty-four communes from Savoy. Both France and the Kingdom of Sardinia ceded territories for this purpose, according to the Treaty of Paris of 1815 and the Treaty of Turin of 1816 .
Geneva achieved its objectives because they were in line with the geopolitical aims of the great powers of the day. At the same time, those great powers guaranteed the city’s neutrality which helped it to become an important setting for international cooperation.
Fifteen years after Geneva became the twenty-second canton of Switzerland, Swiss philanthropist Jean-Jacques Sellon created the Society for Peace. Another 33 years later, Geneva became the seat of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and witnessed the signing of the first international humanitarian treaty, the Geneva Convention, in 1864.
A global capital
The first attempts at formal international cooperation in Geneva were not resoundingly successful. The League of Nations, which came into existence in 1920, was headquartered in the city – first in the Palais Wilson and then in the purpose-built Palace of Nations. Though it ultimately failed to prevent the slide towards the Second World War, the League was not without its successes : for instance, the work performed by the International Labour Organization, the International Refugee Organization and the Health Organization helped to raise Geneva’s stature in the interwar period.
Geneva attained even greater significance, however, in the post-War period when many high-level negotiations and diplomatic summits began to take place in the city. These included the 1954 Conference on Indochina, the post-war meeting of the Allies in 1955, the Reagan-Gorbachev Summit in 1985, START negotiations in 2008-2009, and the ongoing high-level talks on the Iranian nuclear weapons program. For its contributions to international peace and stability, Geneva-based organizations and personalities have received no fewer than sixteen Nobel prizes, most of them for peace. The first was awarded to Henry Dunant, the founder of the ICRC; the most recent was awarded to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Geneva, however, is not only a global diplomatic capital but an important node in the global economy. In particular, it has become a center for the global trade in raw materials. More than 500 multi-national corporations trade in raw materials from Geneva, accounting for approximately 10% of the city’s (and the canton’s) GDP . On a given day, Geneva-based corporations process over 700 million tons of oil , which exceeds the trading volumes of the City of London (approximately 520 million tons per day) and Singapore (440 million). 80% of all Russian oil is traded through the city and approximately 20% of all cotton. Some estimate that a third of the global trade in oil, cereals, cotton and sugar, as well as half of the global trade in coffee are also directed through Geneva .
Geneva has risen to become an important geopolitical city for a variety of reasons. During the First World War, Switzerland, and hence also Geneva, was able to offer “business as usual” to international trading firms. During the 1920s, the first cereal traders, such as André, came to Geneva, primarily to be close to their main customer, Nestlé. On top of this, several Ottoman and later Turkish traders found it convenient to establish trading subsidiaries in the region of Lausanne, located on the route of the Orient Express between London and Istanbul.
Furthermore, Geneva began to benefit from the image of neutrality bestowed upon the city by the international organizations which increasingly established their headquarters there. Yet it was perhaps Geneva’s role as a “safe haven” (and its intact infrastructure) during the Second World War that attracted the most business to the city.
During the Cold War, as a result, Geneva was already well known throughout the world as a ‘neutral’ trading location. This meant that it was in Geneva that economic and political coordination between the West and the Soviet bloc came to be orchestrated. It also continued to function as an economic safe haven. Indeed, it was to Geneva that Egyptian cotton traders transferred their activities during the Nasser era, just like many Arab oil traders after the oil crisis of 1973-1974.
Swiss meta-geopolitics
Undeniably, one of the reasons why Geneva is so international is because the European headquarters of the UN and its agencies are located in the city. This reflects Switzerland’s long-standing commitment to provide federal and cantonal support to the United Nations. Most recently, this took the form of a generous loan at preferential rates for the renovation of the UN’s Palais des Nations, covering almost 50% of the costs (approximately 300 million Swiss francs). Nowhere else does the UN benefit from such facilities and this level of support.
Over decades, Geneva has established a well-defined identity as a city of peace and an ideal meeting place for diplomats – whether in the field of humanitarian action, disarmament, climate change or other concerns. In recent years, activities in other sectors, such as the crude oil trade, have increased the city’s international renown. While Geneva faces competition as a global economic and diplomatic center from cities in Asia, Africa and Latin America – some of which are becoming prominent regional centers of dialogue and diplomacy – it is unlikely that the city’s stature will diminish anytime soon.
Using the framework of meta-geopolitics , the following table discusses the geopolitical strengths and imperatives of “International Geneva.”
Issue Area
Geopolitical Realities and Dilemmas
Social and Health Issues
Excellent services, quality of life and an ideal location for diplomats and expats.
Geneva is a central location for global governance regarding social issues, public health, employment, youth, education and other areas.
Domestic Politics
Swiss neutrality, highly stable and democratic, but the initiative to curb the number of foreigners is perceived as a major setback for the city and country (although these regulations do not affected the staff of international organizations from the UN family.)
Economics
Trade hub, both private companies and inter-governmental organizations in the area of trade, development, labour.
Environment
The city and canton of Geneva place strong emphasis on energy-saving and a clean environment. In line with the Swiss environmental policies, Geneva has strict standards of agricultural biodiversity, waste management or water management.
Geneva is a center for environmental diplomacy and climate change dialogue (e.g. the UN Environmental Programme is located here).
Science and Human Potential
High-profile universities, excellent research centers in medicine, chemistry, physics and other sciences.
Numerous UN research centers and institutes are located in Geneva (e.g. UNITAR).
Military and Security Issues
Geneva is a key centre for disarmament diplomacy, including the Conference on Disarmament and is host to numerous NGOs and think tanks with a unique profile in security studies, small arms, demilitarization.
International Diplomacy
Unique strength as global meeting point for international diplomats, activists and NGOs.
Issue Area
Imperatives and future trajectories
Social and Health Issues
High quality of life, among the top best in the world (ranked before London) will make it attractive for foreign companies.
Domestic Politics
Greater openness to foreign workforce, imperative for more facilities for expats.
Economics
Increasing importance as trading center for petrol and other commodities, growing importance in cereals trading, insurance companies, consultancies and shipping.
Low inflation - gives strength to the economy
The simple and strict tax system, with some tax discounts for companies contributes to attracting companies and investors (taxes from 3.5 to 14.1%, compared to London - 30%)
Environment
N/A
Science and Human Potential
Continued investment in sciences and research. Excellent universities and highly skilled workforce on the local market are expected to attract even more foreign companies.
Military and Security Issues
N/A
International Diplomacy
Geneva will retain a prominent place in global diplomacy, yet the future of "International Geneva" strongly correlate with the future of the UN system.
A „Komplex vállalati technológiafejlesztés mikro-, kis- és középvállalkozások számára” című konstrukció keretében 95,91 millió forint vissza nem térítendő uniós támogatást nyert el a LEMANIT Kötőipari és Kereskedelmi Kft.
A cég közel 240 millió forint összköltségű projektje során telephelyi termelési infrastruktúra kiépítése és eszközbeszerzés történt.
A Lemanit Kft. mosonmagyaróvári komplex beruházása során elkészült egy új 1720 m2–es telephely, kötöde és nyílászáró szalon funkcióval, gyártócsarnok épült, továbbá raktár, iroda és szociális helyiségeket alakítottak ki. A projekt keretében a vállalkozás a kötödei gyártási tevékenységhez szükséges eszközparkját is fejlesztette.
A beruházás nyomán várhatóan kissé nő a Társaság árbevétele, a termelési volumen és a foglalkoztatottak száma, valamint erősödik piaci helyzete. A Társaság stratégiai célja termékei piaci részarányának növelése a termelési hatékonyság és minőség megőrzése mellett, valamint a termelési feladatok magas színvonalú és rugalmas végrehajtása, nagyobb volumenű és hozzáadott értékű termelő tevékenység végzése.
Az új termelő - épület és gép - kapacitással saját tulajdonú termelési bázis jött létre, a termékportfólió diverzifikálódott, a kockázat csökkent, a termelési kapacitások bővültek, a fajlagos költségek csökkentek. Mindezek következtében a beruházással biztosítottá vált a gazdaságos és versenyképes működés.
A GOP-2.1.1-12/B „Komplex vállalati technológiafejlesztés mikro-, kis- és középvállalkozások számára” elnevezésű pályázati kiírásán 95 915 828 forintos támogatást elnyert, 239 789 571 forint összköltségvetésű fejlesztés 2013. november 25-én indult és 2014. december 31-én zárult.
A projekt az Európai Unió támogatásával, az Európai Regionális Fejlesztési Alap társfinanszírozásával valósult meg.