Diplomacy & Crisis News

Raising alarm over “double standards” applied by the authorities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) – allowing pro-government youths to conduct public political activities while repressing dissenting voices – a group of United Nations rights experts today called on the Government to end the “targeted repression” and to guarantee conditions that allow fundamental rights and freedoms to be exercised peacefully.

Following a major measles outbreak in Somalia, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and its partners supported a swift delivery of 55,000 doses of measles vaccine to Kismayo along with Vitamin A supplementation to boost the immunity of the some 54,000 children under the age of 10 that are expected to be vaccinated.

As the two countries move closer to realizing this project, it is worth looking at its potential significance.

An interview with Philippe Le Corre.

If the Trump administration abandons the United States' leading position on climate issues, China will fill the vacuum. That would be a mixed bag for the environment, and decidedly bad news for the United States.

A closer look at a recent military flashpoint between China and the United States.

Immigration chief heads to the United States to ensure a resettlement deal holds under Donald Trump.

China's system is not designed to acknowledge the reality of failure.

Citizens of 92 countries are exempt from registering for various periods between eight and 90 days.

It just became much harder to offer a concentrated takedown of demonetization.

Police officers cordoned off the area from family members and other churchgoers after the bombing of a Coptic church. (Reuters)

In 2017, we may see more of the assault on the ancient minority communities in the Middle East. Another major attack on the Coptic community in Egypt this week set targeted its most important Church in Cairo, and there is little doubt that the mass causalities of women and children was done with intent.

Attacks on these ancient communities in the region often focus on women and children, as one of the main goals is not just murder members of these minorities, but to wipe out future generations through death, submission or conversion out of their faith and culture.

The attack on Christians in the Middle East, and other minority communities such as Yazidis, attempt to destroy the present and future of some of the oldest cultures in the region.

A renewed assault on Palmyra by the Islamic State may have some connections to this genocidal policy. Palmyra has been re-taken by an assault of 4,000 ISIS fighters on the ancient city. While Aleppo, Raqqa and Mosul would be the logical destination for re-enforcements, as they are in the midst of being recaptured by local government forces, Palmyra has been targeted for further destruction.

One of the reasons Palmyra is a target lies in its historical significance. Actions by ISIS aim at erasing the history of minority and historical communities in the region, leaving not a shred of evidence to their existence, despite them being some of the oldest surviving communities.

Although Western countries have an obligation to stop genocide, they have continuously failed. While bickering  about less urgent issues continues, minority communities are being wiped out and have received little to no support on the ground until recently.

The government of Canada—one that loves to receive praise by the international community on its humanitarian efforts—was revealed to only having brought in three or four Yazidis in their push to bring in over 30,000 refugees from the region.

After Nadia Murad came to Canada to plead for an increased push to bring in more Yazidis, Canadian authorities declared they would only bring in 50 people in total, despite committing to bringing in tens of thousands of more refugees from the region. This is significant less than what independent Canadian NGOs have brought into the country without government support.

A great analysis and approach to how Western governments should address genocide in the Middle East was produced this past weekend. It reflects the lack of effort from Western nations in their commitment to end genocide in the region. The conference can be seen on the One Free World International’s Facebook page under the December 10th 2016 Celebrating Freedom video link.

2017 will either be the year in which governments decide to stop genocide in the region or let it continue. This will impact how future generations, seeing us all as the ones who allowed such atrocities to become normalized.

The post The Normalization of Policies that Ignore Genocide appeared first on Foreign Policy Blogs.

With the nomination of General James “Mad Dog” Mattis as the new U.S. Secretary of Defense, many are wondering how, if appointed, General Mattis will influence a Trump Administration concerning U.S. relations with China.

In August, General Mattis co-authored a report along with Kori Schake and Jim Ellis, all fellows at the Hoover Institution, entitled “A Blueprint for American Security.” In the report, the authors criticize the last three administrations for a perceived lack of national security vision, saying those leaders have largely ignored threats posed by Russia, China and terrorist groups worldwide. In the report, the coauthors refer to predatory states that prize their own sovereignty but destroy that of others—in particular, Russia, China and Iran:

“The priority challenges we would confront are: Russian belligerence, Chinese activities in the South China Sea, ISIS and Iranian aggressiveness, and drug-gang activity south of our border.”

“China chips away at others’ sovereignty in Asia.”

“China is doing the same, demanding veto authority over the rights of its neighbors in the South China Sea. This behavior follows a classical Chinese “tribute” model that demands deference from “lesser” nations in Beijing’s sphere of interest.”

“nuclear rearmament and proliferation, respectively, back in fashion for the saber-rattling Russians and expansive Chinese”

“America’s foreign policy objective should be to reassert an order conducive to our security and that of our allies.”

“Even long-term friends of our country are hedging their bets, questioning the reliability of our partnership.”

Finally, last year Mattis called for a “policy to build the counterbalance if China continues to expand its bullying role in the South China Sea.”

When President-elect Trump announced his selection of Mattis as secretary of defense, Trump referred to him as “Mad Dog Mattis,” which could be read as foreshadowing a more aggressive defense policy, including toward China.

In recent days we have seen Trump taking a more combative position toward China, asserting his right to take a call from Taiwan’s president and calling into question the U.S. adherence to the long-standing “One China” policy. 

While Trump may have calmed some nerves by appointing Iowa Governor Terry Branstad as the new U.S. ambassador to China, who is a “long time friend” of Chinese President Xi Jinping, we really won’t know what actions the new U.S. president will take until after his inauguration January 20.

Until then, we can expect more soundbites and tweets which disturb the international order (and more counter punches from Beijing) making for more interesting dinner conversations. 

The post Mad Dog Mattis on China appeared first on Foreign Policy Blogs.

Cette semaine, (re)lisez un autre texte marquant de la revue Politique étrangère, écrit par Jean-Christophe Rufin : « Minorités, nationalités, États », publié dans le numéro d’automne 1991  (n°3/1991).

Jean-Christophe Rufin a été administrateur de Médecins sans frontières (1991-1993), puis de la Croix-Rouge française (1994-1996) et président d’Action contre la faim (2002-2006). Il a été ambassadeur de France au Sénégal et en Gambie de 2007 à 2010. En parallèle à ses activités humanitaires et diplomatiques, il a mené une carrière littéraire. Il a obtenu le prix Goncourt en 2001 et a été élu à l’Académie française en 2008.

La civilisation, écrivait l’historien Mommsen, est « la transition nécessaire du particularisme cantonal par où commence l’histoire de tous les peuples à l’unité nationale, par où ils achèvent, ou doivent achever la révolution de leur progrès ».

Dans cette perspective classique, les minorités sont synonymes d’archaïsme ; l’évolution des sociétés va dans le sens de leur fusion en ensembles de degré supérieur. Les sociologues sont venus renforcer les historiens dans cette interprétation. Dans la conception de Max Weber, la société se constitue par l’intégration progressive d’unités restreintes et la mise en circulation de leurs traits culturels.

Ceci explique probablement pourquoi, jusqu’à une date récente, la question des conflits entre minorités et État est restée peu étudiée dans les relations internationales depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La seule circonstance où les conflits locaux, en particulier dans le Tiers-Monde, ont repris quelque intérêt, c’est dans les cas où l’une des parties en présence était soutenue par une grande puissance : Miskitos contre sandinistes, Érythréens contre Éthiopiens prosoviétiques, Khmers contre Vietnamiens. Mais ces conflits étaient moins étudiés pour leur signification locale que du fait de leur situation au sein de l’affrontement planétaire Est-Ouest, constituant ce que Gérard Chaliand appelle « les faubourgs de l’histoire ».

Dans la nouvelle configuration des rapports internationaux, les conflits liés aux minorités sont en train de quitter cette position marginale pour devenir des questions centrales et décisives.

Inversant la perspective classique, nous devons accepter l’idée que les minorités, loin d’être les vestiges du passé, des entités naturelles que le mouvement culturel dépasserait, sont au contraire renforcées et durcies par le processus d’unification, notamment par l’émergence universelle de l’État-nation.

La période de recomposition internationale ouverte par l’effondrement des systèmes communistes s’accompagne d’une forte poussée des mouvements minoritaires et modifie les conditions de leur expression. Quantitativement on note la prééminence actuelle des conflits internes aux États ou « liés à la constitution d’un État » (en 1988 sur 111 conflits recensés, 99 appartiennent à ces catégories). Ces conflits par division ou éclatement de l’état tendent à se multiplier rapidement (Liberia, Somalie, Rwanda, Inde, etc.).

Pour lire l’article en intégralité, cliquez ici.

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Alarmed at the &#8220devastating&#8221 humanitarian crisis in Aleppo, where perhaps thousands of civilians remain trapped, the Security Council today requested the United Nations and other relevant institutions to carry out &#8220adequate, neutral monitoring and direct observation on evacuations from the eastern districts&#8221 of the war-battered city.

Welcoming the announcement of new Cabinet members in Lebanon, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has expressed hope that the new Government will ensure that the country&#39s forthcoming parliamentary election is successfully conducted within the timeframe set by the constitution, according to his spokesman.

The Ministry of Defense statement has worrying implications for China's ambitions in the South China Sea.

Despite appearances and media spin, "migration does not have to be chaotic or seem like an invasion," and as yet another turbulent year for millions of people on the move comes to an end, the United Nations is marking International Migrants Day with a worldwide call for more cooperation and a resolute rejection of intolerance and policies driven by xenophobic rhetoric.

The seizure of a U.S. underwater glider is an exceptionally brazen and illegal move by Beijing in the South China Sea.

Marking the one-year anniversary of the signing of the Libyan Political Agreement, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today commended all Libyans who engaged in the &#8220milestone&#8221 process, but cautioned that while much progress has been made, &#8220the road to peace is long&#8221 and the Libyan people have not yet achieved the stability and security they deserve.

We evaluate the Obama administration's policy performance on some of Asia's most pressing regional flashpoints.